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This article comes with a free business plan for Ginger Farming Business in Nigeria.
Ginger is a root crop (a rhizome) native to the eastern region of South Asia. Locally, the highest rates of ginger production can be pinpointed in states like Niger, Nassarawa, Benue, and Kaduna collectively in the northern region of the country. A mature ginger rhizome is fibrous and has a striated texture with a brown outer skin and varying colors on the inside usually white, yellow, or red depending on the species of the crop.
Ginger farming is a very lucrative agricultural venture, usually grown for its medicinal values and culinary uses, it can be eaten fresh, dried, powdered, as oils and juices too but now it’s potential as a cash crop is being exploited to the maximum and is now cultivated for its economic values.
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It is basically sourced for its culinary characteristics and edibility, its aroma is appreciated by chefs and its spicy hot taste likewise which flavors dishes. Asides its culinary appreciation, ginger is used industrially in alcohol and cosmetics production.
Ginger Farming Technique
The weather conditions for ginger to thrive should always be warm and humid, but the soil conditions have to be tested before burying the rhizomes in the soil. The soil is noticed to have an effect on the spiciness of the crop and this is evident in the compared yields from the South East and the North, the ginger from the north is very yellow on the inside and relatively smaller than the ginger gotten from the South East which was white on the inside and less spicy. Southern Kaduna soil has proven to be the best soil for ginger farming, the quality of yield from this area is so noticeable that it has topped the reference list of foreign buyers when ginger is in the question also making ginger export one of the major revenues of the state.
Land Preparation
The land should be cleared and filled, a tractor will do the job perfectly on large farmland although it can be done manually too, this ensures optimal water and nutrient penetration. Beds can be made if desired although ginger can be raised on level soil perfectly, the bed should be 15cm in height and 1m in width, a 50cm spacing should be in between beds and a pH of 5.5-6.5, acidic soil and a temperature between 30-35oc is required
Planting
Ginger is cultivated by planting its rhizomes, the ginger itself. Rhizomes that are disease-free and have a history of high yield are advised to be cultivated. The rhizomes can be smeared with organic fertilizer before planting. Rhizomes are cut into pieces for planting, each piece must be at least 2cm long and have a node. The ideal spacing between ginger is 25cm and if ridges are to be employed they should be planted on top of the ridge and not on the sides of the ridges. A shallow depth of 8cm is ideal with the node facing upward.
Weeding and Mulching
Weed should be exterminated from the farm as they compete with seedlings for space and they also can breed pests which could ultimately lead to diseases. Weeding can be done using chemicals but a mild one is advised as they can have a noticeable effect on the plants, the plants will turn yellow but will recover after a week of adequate rainfall. Manual weeding is advised too as this will encourage mulching which controls weed and conserve the soil nutrients and moisture, it is very important that a ginger farm is mulched.
Manure/Fertilizer Application
Organic manure is encouraged; ginger has been studied to do well with treated dung. Artificial manures like NPK 15:15:15 should be applied twice 20 days after planting and 40 days after the first application, alongside urea.
Irrigation
Irrigation is very important to a ginger farm but the farm can do well during the rainy season without irrigation but should be irrigated during the dry season
Disease and Pest Control
Shoot borer, a pest, is known to always attack the crop, ginger has recorded high susceptibility to the pest, but they can be controlled manually, the shoot can be cut open and the caterpillars can be handpicked and destroyed
Rhizome rot is a disease known to always affect ginger and this can be prevented easily from the early stages by sowing seeds in areas that are not waterlogged, using healthy seeds and removing and destroying affected crops.
Harvest
Ginger plants are ready for harvest 7-9 months after planting, this range depends on the variety. Maturation and harvest periods are marked by noticeable changes in the plant’s appearance, the leaves turn yellow and stem become dry if this happens to your farm 9 months after planting, don’t panic, it’s not a disease, it’s bank time!
Harvest can commence immediately after 7 months but can be left as the longer the plant lives the more ginger you get. Ginger is cultivated once a year but can be harvested more than once.
The profitability of Ginger Farming
100 bags of ginger planted will yield 500 bags. A bag of ginger costs N10,000, a hectare of land will cost N1,000,000 to cultivate and a harvest of 300-500 bags depending on the quality of farm management and practices adopted. This yields a profit of 3,000,000 to 5,000,000, quite profitable.
How To Download The Complete Ginger Farming Business Plan In Nigeria
Above is a part of the ginger business plan in Nigerian. If you want a complete business plan, follow the procedures to download it.
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